Mumi Ramses II, also known as Ramses the Great, is widely regarded as one of Egypt’s greatest pharaohs. He ruled during the 19th dynasty of the New Kingdom period, from 1279 to 1213 BC. His reign is considered one of the most prosperous and powerful in ancient Egyptian history, marked by military conquests, architectural achievements, and cultural advancements.
Ramses II was born in 1303 BC and ascended to the throne at the young age of 25. He ruled for an impressive 66 years, making him one of the longest-reigning pharaohs in Egyptian history. During his rule, he expanded the Egyptian empire through a series of military campaigns, conquering territories in the Levant, Nubia, and Libya. He is perhaps best known for his victory at the Battle of Kadesh, where he defeated the Hittites in what is considered one of the largest chariot battles in history.
In addition to his military prowess, Ramses II was also a prolific builder and patron of the arts. He commissioned numerous grand monuments and temples throughout Egypt, including the famous Abu Simbel temples, the Ramesseum, and the Temple of Luxor. These structures are not only impressive in their scale and design but also serve as a testament to Ramses II’s dedication to honoring the gods and immortalizing his own legacy.
One of the most remarkable aspects of Ramses II’s reign was his extensive family. He is believed to have had over 100 children, with multiple wives and concubines. This large royal family was a strategic move on Ramses II’s part to solidify his dynasty and ensure a smooth succession. Many of his children held important positions in the government and military, further strengthening his rule.
Ramses II’s legacy extends beyond his military conquests and architectural achievements. He was also a skilled diplomat, forging alliances with neighboring kingdoms and establishing trade routes that brought wealth and prosperity to Egypt. He was known for his charisma and charm, which helped him maintain good relations with foreign powers and secure his position as a respected leader on the world stage.
Despite his many successes, Ramses II faced challenges during his reign. He had to contend with internal dissent, economic instability, and threats from rival kingdoms. However, his strong leadership and strategic acumen enabled him to navigate these obstacles and maintain control over his vast empire.
After his death in 1213 BC, Ramses II was buried in the Valley of the Kings, where his mummified remains were discovered in 1881. His tomb was filled with treasures and artifacts that shed light on the opulence of his reign and the reverence in which he was held by his subjects. The discovery of his mummy has allowed modern scholars to study his physical remains and gain insights into his health, diet, and lifestyle.
